Efectos de la hibridación entre especies silvestres de papa de distintas ploidías
Interploidal hybridization (between species of different ploidy) and the generation of genetic and epigenetic diversity in plants has been poorly addressed. Wild potatoes (Solanum, section Petota) provide an ideal model to explore the role of hybridization and polyploidization in the generation of v...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Publicado: |
2019
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/fichas.php?idobjeto=14563 |
| Sumario: | Interploidal hybridization (between species of different ploidy) and the generation of genetic and epigenetic diversity in plants has been poorly addressed. Wild potatoes (Solanum, section Petota) provide an ideal model to explore the role of hybridization and polyploidization in the generation of variability, since they form an euploid series with somatic chromosome numbers of 2n = 2x = 24 to 2n = 6x = 72 (x = 12). In addition, the internal breeding barriers are often incomplete, therefore, hybridization between ploidy levels and between species is common in areas of sympatry. Our group performed genetic, epigenetic and cytological analyzes in the natural hybrid Solanum x rechei H. & H., and in the species that originated it, Solanum kurtzianum B. & W. (2n = 2x = 24) and Solanum microdontum B. (2n = 2x = 24 and 2n = 3x = 36). Then, through controlled crosses between S. kurtzianum and the diploid and triploid cytotypes of S. microdontum, intraploidal and interploidal hybrids were obtained, respectively. From the interploidal cross, the entire offspring was highly aneuploid, showing greater genetic and epigenetic variability than the intraploidal hybrids. In our results we observed lower percentages of aneuploid genotypes in natural hybrids compared to synthetic interploidal hybrids. Therefore, we consider that the transition is probably taking place by mechanisms that operate in mitosis during cycles of asexual reproduction. In order to increase the understanding of the role of aneuploidy in the diversification and evolution of wild potato species, the present project aims to investigate the karyotypic stability of interspecific synthetic aneuploid hybrids, through successive rounds of asexual multiplication. |
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