Da Revolta à Reforma: Quando a Revolta de César se Torna a Reforma da República Romana (Século I a.C.): From Rebellion to Reform: When Caesar’s Rebellion Became the Reform of the Republic (First Century B.C.)
When, in 49 B.C., Caesar crossed the Rubicon River, frontier between Gaul to Italy, and began the Civil War against his rival Pompey and the Roman Senate, the moment was marked by rebellion, rebellion to conquest his personal protection, because if Caesar disbanded his army and went back to Rome he...
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| Formato: | Online |
| Lenguaje: | spa |
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Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
2020
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.uncu.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/revhistuniv/article/view/2554 |
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Universidad Nacional de Cuyo |
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Revistas en línea |
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Revistas en línea |
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Revista de Historia Universal |
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Revista de Historia Universal |
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I-11 |
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R-89 |
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spa |
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Online |
| author |
Costa, Natália Medeiros |
| spellingShingle |
Costa, Natália Medeiros Da Revolta à Reforma: Quando a Revolta de César se Torna a Reforma da República Romana (Século I a.C.): From Rebellion to Reform: When Caesar’s Rebellion Became the Reform of the Republic (First Century B.C.) República Romana Júlio César Estudos Clássicos Bellum Civile Roman Republic Julius Caesar Classical studies Bellum Civile |
| author_facet |
Costa, Natália Medeiros |
| author_sort |
Costa, Natália Medeiros |
| title |
Da Revolta à Reforma: Quando a Revolta de César se Torna a Reforma da República Romana (Século I a.C.): From Rebellion to Reform: When Caesar’s Rebellion Became the Reform of the Republic (First Century B.C.) |
| title_short |
Da Revolta à Reforma: Quando a Revolta de César se Torna a Reforma da República Romana (Século I a.C.): From Rebellion to Reform: When Caesar’s Rebellion Became the Reform of the Republic (First Century B.C.) |
| title_full |
Da Revolta à Reforma: Quando a Revolta de César se Torna a Reforma da República Romana (Século I a.C.): From Rebellion to Reform: When Caesar’s Rebellion Became the Reform of the Republic (First Century B.C.) |
| title_fullStr |
Da Revolta à Reforma: Quando a Revolta de César se Torna a Reforma da República Romana (Século I a.C.): From Rebellion to Reform: When Caesar’s Rebellion Became the Reform of the Republic (First Century B.C.) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Da Revolta à Reforma: Quando a Revolta de César se Torna a Reforma da República Romana (Século I a.C.): From Rebellion to Reform: When Caesar’s Rebellion Became the Reform of the Republic (First Century B.C.) |
| title_sort |
da revolta à reforma: quando a revolta de césar se torna a reforma da república romana (século i a.c.): from rebellion to reform: when caesar’s rebellion became the reform of the republic (first century b.c.) |
| description |
When, in 49 B.C., Caesar crossed the Rubicon River, frontier between Gaul to Italy, and began the Civil War against his rival Pompey and the Roman Senate, the moment was marked by rebellion, rebellion to conquest his personal protection, because if Caesar disbanded his army and went back to Rome he could be charged as a common citizen, and rebellion as a means to protect his dignitasachieved through his devotion to the Republic, his works when consul of Rome in 59 B.C. and his victories in Gaul. However, from 48 B.C., when Caesar was elected consul of the Republic for the second time, his actions switched from the doings of a rebellious man to the actions of a sort of reform in the system of the Republic, since Caesar occupied the most important magistracy in roman politics. From this use of the concept of Republic, that serves as a way to justify Caesar’s actions, the present article intents to analyze the concept of res publica in the caesarian text Bellum Civile. To accomplish this task, the methodology used was an extensive analyzes of the usage of the concept in the Bellum Civile text, aiming to identify the ways in which Caesar uses the concept in his commentarii. Jointly, an extensive bibliography was used, seeking for elements that can assist the comprehension of the meaning of the concept in the caesarian text. The first achievement was precisely the identification of two distinct moments in Caesars’s life as a general in 49 B.C.: from a rebellious general against the Republic’s political system, since Caesar would loose his legions and his political predominance conquered by his military victories, the roman general became the reformer of the Roman Republic, specially because, from this moment on, Caesar was invested with legality to make such a reform. The second result achieved concerns the sheer concept of res publica applied in the text; I identify that Caesar uses this concept in a variety of ways, elaborating the elements that compose the res publica: citizenship (civitas), laws, civil liberty (libertas), common interests, institutions and territories. When Caesar states at first that he is rebelling against the Senate and Pompey, and, in a second moment, of reform of the system of the Republic, Caesar is stating that his intention is the protection of the elements that compose the res publica. Lastly, the present article marks the first development of my Doctorate research and the first attempt to establish my very own definition of the concept of res publica. |
| publisher |
Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://revistas.uncu.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/revhistuniv/article/view/2554 |
| topic |
República Romana Júlio César Estudos Clássicos Bellum Civile Roman Republic Julius Caesar Classical studies Bellum Civile |
| topic_facet |
República Romana Júlio César Estudos Clássicos Bellum Civile Roman Republic Julius Caesar Classical studies Bellum Civile |
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AT costanataliamedeiros darevoltaareformaquandoarevoltadecesarsetornaareformadarepublicaromanaseculoiacfromrebelliontoreformwhencaesarsrebellionbecamethereformoftherepublicfirstcenturybc |
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1800220554453581824 |
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I11-R89article-25542022-09-20T18:23:05Z Da Revolta à Reforma: Quando a Revolta de César se Torna a Reforma da República Romana (Século I a.C.): From Rebellion to Reform: When Caesar’s Rebellion Became the Reform of the Republic (First Century B.C.) Costa, Natália Medeiros República Romana Júlio César Estudos Clássicos Bellum Civile Roman Republic Julius Caesar Classical studies Bellum Civile When, in 49 B.C., Caesar crossed the Rubicon River, frontier between Gaul to Italy, and began the Civil War against his rival Pompey and the Roman Senate, the moment was marked by rebellion, rebellion to conquest his personal protection, because if Caesar disbanded his army and went back to Rome he could be charged as a common citizen, and rebellion as a means to protect his dignitasachieved through his devotion to the Republic, his works when consul of Rome in 59 B.C. and his victories in Gaul. However, from 48 B.C., when Caesar was elected consul of the Republic for the second time, his actions switched from the doings of a rebellious man to the actions of a sort of reform in the system of the Republic, since Caesar occupied the most important magistracy in roman politics. From this use of the concept of Republic, that serves as a way to justify Caesar’s actions, the present article intents to analyze the concept of res publica in the caesarian text Bellum Civile. To accomplish this task, the methodology used was an extensive analyzes of the usage of the concept in the Bellum Civile text, aiming to identify the ways in which Caesar uses the concept in his commentarii. Jointly, an extensive bibliography was used, seeking for elements that can assist the comprehension of the meaning of the concept in the caesarian text. The first achievement was precisely the identification of two distinct moments in Caesars’s life as a general in 49 B.C.: from a rebellious general against the Republic’s political system, since Caesar would loose his legions and his political predominance conquered by his military victories, the roman general became the reformer of the Roman Republic, specially because, from this moment on, Caesar was invested with legality to make such a reform. The second result achieved concerns the sheer concept of res publica applied in the text; I identify that Caesar uses this concept in a variety of ways, elaborating the elements that compose the res publica: citizenship (civitas), laws, civil liberty (libertas), common interests, institutions and territories. When Caesar states at first that he is rebelling against the Senate and Pompey, and, in a second moment, of reform of the system of the Republic, Caesar is stating that his intention is the protection of the elements that compose the res publica. Lastly, the present article marks the first development of my Doctorate research and the first attempt to establish my very own definition of the concept of res publica. Quando, em 49 a.C., César atravessou o rio Rubicão, rio que marcava a fronteira entre a Gália e a Itália, e deu início à Guerra Civil contra Pompeu e o Senado Romano, o momento era de revolta, tanto em busca de proteção pessoal, uma vez que, ao licenciar seus exércitos, César seria julgado como cidadão comum ao retornar a Roma, como também em relação à proteção de sua própria dignitas, conquistada através da dedicação à República, da sua função como cônsul de Roma e de suas vitórias na Gália. Entretanto, a partir de 48 a.C., quando César foi eleito cônsul da República pela segunda vez, suas ações passaram da atitude de um revoltoso para ações de uma reforma da República, uma vez que César ocupava, então, o cargo máximo da política romana. A partir desse uso da República que serve de justificativa para as ações de César, o presente artigo objetiva analisar o conceito de res publica no texto cesariano Bellum Civile. Para tanto, a metodologia aplicada foi um extenso levantamento do uso do conceito de res publica nos três livros da obra Bellum Civile, visando identificar as maneiras pelas quais César utilizou o conceito em seus comentarii. Aliado a esse levantamento de dados na fonte primária, foi utilizada uma bibliografia sobre o tema, buscando elementos que auxiliem na compreensão da significância do conceito na obra de César. O primeiro dos resultados obtidos no presente artigo foi precisamente a identificação de dois momentos distintos da trajetória do general Júlio César na Guerra Civil de 49 a.C.: de revoltoso contra o sistema político da República, uma vez que César perderia suas legiões e, por consequência, a predominância política que havia conquistado a partir de suas vitórias militares, o general romano passou a ocupar a posição de reformador da República Romana, visto que, a partir de então, César teria poderes legais de aplicar suas ideias políticas à res publica. O segundo resultado obtido na pesquisa diz respeito ao próprio sentido de res publica aplicado no texto; identifico que César explora o conceito de maneira ampla, dizendo respeito ao conjunto de elementos que incorporam a res publica: cidadania (civitas), leis, liberdades civis (libertas), interesses em comum, instituições e territórios. Ao declarar, em um primeiro momento, sua revolta e, em um segundo momento, sua reforma, César argumenta que sua ação foi voltada à proteção desse conjunto de elementos que compõem a res publica. Vale acrescentar, ainda, que o presente artigo configura o primeiro desdobramento de minhas pesquisas de Doutorado e a primeira tentativa de estabelecer uma definição do conceito de res publica. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo 2020-08-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer reviewed article Artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf https://revistas.uncu.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/revhistuniv/article/view/2554 Revista de Historia Universal; Núm. 21 (2020): Febrero / Julio; 13-45 2683-8869 0328-3704 spa https://revistas.uncu.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/revhistuniv/article/view/2554/2716 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista de Historia Universal |
